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TSRC, Tob. Sci. Res. Conf., 2018, 72, abstr. 083

One more time: unprotonated nicotine in e-cigarette aerosols: is it really there?

LAUTERBACH J.H.
Lauterbach & Associates, LLC, Macon, GA, USA

A May 23, 2018, article in Chemical Research in Toxicology claimed, “E-liquids designed to combine high total nicotine level (addictive delivery) with low αfb (for ease of inhalation) are likely to be particularly problematic for public health.” In the quoted sentence, high total nicotine level would be in the range of 50 to 60 mg/mL. αfb is the fraction of total nicotine that is protonated. A low-level of αfb would be 0.05, and a high-level would be 0.80. The values refer to fraction unprotonated nicotine in undiluted e-liquids and were determined with proton NMR spectroscopy. However, the NMR instrument cannot taste, smell, or sense irritation. Moreover, humans do not inhale unaerosolized e-liquids or condensed aerosols (aerosol collected matter) from machine vaping of e-cigarettes. A more appropriate and less costly technique for estimating the pH of the aerosolized e-liquid is to use a glassmouth with artificial saliva in the bottom of the mouth and a pH-electrode in the aerosol stream as generated the puffing conditions specified in CRM 81, as has been previously reported. Aerosol pH-values for the following devices and e-liquids (all in 50 mg/mL nicotine in PG with V2 EX cartomizers): 2-hole rectangular, 5.71; 4-hole cylindrical, 7.40; 10 mg/mL menthol, 8.27; 10 mg/mL vanillin, 7.64; 20 mg/mL benzoic acid , 7.12; and 59 mg/mL quinic acid, 7.32. Corresponding saliva pH-values were 6.69, 7.11, 7.75, 7.60, 7.08, and 7.08. In addition, device configuration and water content of the aerosol are important in determining the potential for unprotonated nicotine to partition into the gas-vapor phase of the aerosol. When those factors are taken into account, the partitioning unprotonated nicotine in to the aerosol is still minimal.