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CORESTA Meeting, Smoke Science/Product Technology, 2021, Online, ST 14

Numerical simulation of flow, heat and mass transfer in a heated tobacco stick

JUNG Yongmi
R&D Institute, KT&G Corp., 30, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

An electrically heated tobacco stick is operated at a temperature below that of combustion and it is generally known that this results in the formation of an aerosol with reduced levels of harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs - Baker 1981, 1987, 2006; White 2001; Torikai 2005; McGrath 2007; Nordlund 2016, 2017). For this reason, heat-not-burn (HnB) tobacco products have recently been receiving much attention. For the stable and controllable release of aerosol, it is important to understand the flow pattern, the distribution of temperature, the concentration and the transport of smoke vapours inside a stick. This can be clearly aided by numerical simulation. In this work, the governing equations regarding mass, momentum, energy, and the species transport equations were solved numerically by commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software (Comsol Multiphysics®). The software was used to demonstrate the operating conditions of the tobacco stick exposed to air flow (Health Canada Intense puffing regime) and the heater element during puffing. The 2D domains were employed with equations supplemented by simple Arrhenius expressions defining kinetic properties of generation (vaporization and/or pyrolysis (relatively low temperature)) of the smoke vapours (e.g. nicotine, glycerol, water) during the time-temperature history of a tobacco heater. Darcy's law was implemented in a tobacco substrate as a porous medium. The numerical results show the close correlation with the measured data and indicates that relevant physical and chemical physics inside a tobacco stick are reasonably accounted for in the numerical model. It was the aim of this study to develop such a physical and chemical model and to use it to numerically simulate a stick during multi-puffing, which will be useful to develop better electrically heated tobacco stick design technology.