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CORESTA Meeting, Smoke/Technology, Hamburg, 1997, ST32

Industrial utilization of tobacco stalks: Chemical analyses and evaluation of tobacco stalks for biomass resources

AGRUPIS S.C.; MAEKAWA E.
Faculty of Agriculture, Wood Chemistry Laboratory, Shizuoka -shi, Japan.
In an attempt to evaluate tobacco stalks of different tobacco types as a renewable material for biomass resources, summative chemical analyses were conducted, compared and evaluated with the previous analytical data of the established wood biomass resources. Year round supply was also evaluated using the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) data in order to evaluate its potential to sustain development.Standard laboratory protocols of the Technological Association for Pulp and Paper Inc. (TAPPI) were adopted with some modifications to suit the tobacco stalk materials. Summative results of the chemical analyses showed the following: 1) Holocellulose, alpha-cellulose and lignin (the three major biomass components of wood) contents of tobacco stalks are generally the same regardless of species and stalk parts; 2) alpha-cellulose content is at high (33.92- 42.92%) and comparable with the usually used softwood and hardwood species for pulp production; 3) holocellulose and lignin content are comparably closer to hardwood than softwood species, a condition that gives tobacco stalks a distinct advantage over the other agricultural residues; 4) Syringyl /Vanillin (S/V) ratio was found to range from 0.9 to 1.1. This result suggests that tobacco stalks contain more of the guaiacyl than the syringyl type lignin, a characteristic closely related to hardwood species. Such condition is favorable during pulping process as this requires lesser pulping chemicals and energy; 5) carbohydrate composition was found to contain glucose, xylose, arabinose and mannose in decreasing order of abundance and 6) extractives and ash content of tobacco stalks were generally observed higher than the wood species. The year round supply of tobacco stalks is very promising. Based from the FAO data (1995), and to cite a few, China has 10,962,000; USA 1,632,000; Philippines 204,000 and Japan 162,000 tons annual yield of tobacco stalks after tobacco season. This and the above result satisfy the three major basic criteria (high cellulose, low lignin content and continuous year round supply) for a good material for pulp and other related woodbased applications. This study is a part of a research project on the total utilization of tobacco stalks for industrial uses.