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CORESTA Meeting, Agronomy/Phytopathology, Santa Cruz do Sul, 2005, PPOST 01

Identification of cocoons and pupae as non-tobacco related material (NTRM)

DE AZEVEDO R.; DA ROCHA B.; SARTORI L.; ÂNGELO WILLANI S.
Universal Leaf Tabacos Ltda, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS-Brazil.

Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) ( Solanaceae ), is one of the most economically important agricultural crops in Brazil, where it is mainly cultivated in southern states, such as, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná. In the past years, it has been observed an increasing occurrence of insect cocoons and pupae attached to tobacco leaves, thus being considered an important component of non-tobacco related material (NTRM) for the tobacco industry. The objective of this work was to collect data regarding occurrence and identification of cocoons and pupae found in tobacco leaves from commercial fields on 2004/05. Cocoons were collected from tobacco fields in Itaiópolis - SC. When the moths emerged they were sent to identification at Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). These insects were identified as Chrysodeixis ( Pseudoplusia ) includens (Walquer, 1858) ( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae ) and Autoplusia egena (Guenée, 1852) ( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae ). C. includens eggs are whitish yellow or pale-green, and are laid singly on the leaves. The larvae are pale-green, having three pares of prolegs on the last three abdominal segments. The adult is formed within the sixth instar, and a white silken cocoon is spun on the underside of leaves in which they pupate. Lately, moths emerge and have lighter spots in the brown forewings. A female can lay up to 500 eggs. According to literature, these loopers are pests of soybean, common bean, tomato, tobacco, cabbage, onion and lettuce, but they are inclined to cause sporadic damage. A. egena is probably similar to C. includens and do not inflict economic damage. Knowledge of economic damage related to these insects occurrence will allow us to better manage these pests control in order to reduce NTRM in processed tobacco.